With the increasing lifespan of the world, a significant problem and undoubtedly a challenge for modern medicine is age-related diseases. One such disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (ILF), a severe and progressive disease leading to respiratory failure. Air pollution is associated with numerous negative effects on human health and, along with smoking and chronic viral infections, is a major risk factor for IWP. The toxicity of organic components of air pollution is well understood, while the impact of their inorganic counterparts on overall toxicity is still under discussion. Pilot experimental studies point to the important role of transition metals, common environmental pollutants, in the initiation and progression of various autoimmune diseases.